一、动词词组(包括短语动词)、介词词组和其他词组
(一)由be构成的词组
1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出 2)be at home/work 在家/上班 3)be good at 善于,擅长于 4)be careful of 当心,注意,仔细 5)be covered with 被……复盖 6)be ready for 为……作好准备 7)be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶 8)be interested in 对……感兴趣 9)be born 出生 10)be on 在进行,在上演, (灯)亮着 11)be able to do sth. 能够做……12)be afraid of sth/to do sth./ that… 害怕……(不敢做……,恐怕……) 13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气 14)be pleased (with) 对……感到高兴(满意) 15)be famous for 以……而著名 16)be strict in sth./ with sb. (对工作、对人)严格要求 17)be from 来自……,什么地方人 18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了 19)be worried (about sth.) 担忧 20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做…… 21)be covered with 被……所覆盖…… 22)be in (great) need of (很)需要 23)be in trouble 处于困境中 24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做…… 25)be late for ……迟到 26)be made of (from) 由……制成 27)be satisfied with 对……感到满意 28)be free 空闲的,有空 29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床 30)be busy doing sth./ with sth. 忙于做……(忙于……)
(二)由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、look、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组
(三)由其他动词构成的词组
153)think over 仔细考虑 think of 想起 think about 考虑
154)arrive at/in a place 到达某处155)eat up 吃完,吃光156)do well in 在……干得好
157)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事
158)find out 发现,查出(真相等) 159)finish off 吃完,喝完160)stop doing sth. 停止做某事
161)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事162)hold a meting 举行会议163)hold up 举起
164)hurry up 赶快,快点165)enter for 报名参加166)langht at 嘲笑167)be used to doing sth. 习惯于168)used to do sth. 过去常常169)wake…up 唤醒170)work out 算出
二、动词短语、介词短语和其他词组
1)ask for 向……要……,请求2)ask for leave 请假3)send for 派人去请(叫) 4)pay for 付……的款5)wait for 等候6)thank for doing sth. 为……感谢7)apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉8)look for 寻找9)leave…for 离开……去……10)fall off 跌落11)catch a cold 着凉,伤风12)catch up with 赶上13)agree with sb. 赞成,同意某人的意见14) be filled with 装满……15)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事16)talk about 谈论……17)think about 考虑……18)worry about be worried about担忧……19)look after 照料20)run after 追赶,跟在后面跑21)read after 跟……读22)smile at 对……微笑23)knock at 敲(门、窗) 24)shout at 对……大喊(嚷) 25)throw away 扔掉26)work hard at 努力做……27)wait in line 排队等候28)change…into… 变成29)hurry into… 匆忙进入30)run into… 跑进31)hear of 听说32)think of 认为,考虑33)catch hold of 抓住34)instead of 代替……35)hand in 交上来36)stay in bed 卧病在床37)hear from sb. receive/ get a letter from sb. 收到……来信38)at once 立刻39)at last 最后40)at first 起先,首先41)at the age of… 在……岁时 42)at the end of… 在……之末 43)at the beginning of… 在……之初44)at the foot of… 在……脚下45)at the same time 同时46)at night/noon 在夜里/中午 47)with one's help 在某人的帮助下,由于某人的帮助48)with the help of … 在……的帮助下49)with a smile 面带笑容50)with one's own eyes 亲眼看见51)after a while 过了一会儿52)from now on 从现在起 53)from then on 从那时起54)far example 例如55)far away from 远离56)from morning till night 从早到晚57)by and by 不久58)by air mail 寄航空邮件59)by ordinary mail 寄平信60)by the way 顺便说61)by the window 在窗边62)by the end of… 到……底为止63)little by little 逐渐地64)in all 总共65)in fact 事实上66)in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时67)in a hurry 匆忙68)in the middle of 在……中间69)in no time (in a minute) 立刻,很快70)in time (on time) 及时(准时) 71)in public 公众,公开地72)in order to 为了……
73)in front of 在……前面74)in the sun 在阳光下75)in the end 最后,终于76)in surprise 惊奇地77)in turn 依次78)of course 当然79)a bit (of) 有一点儿80)a lot of 许多81)on one's way to 某人在去……的路上82)on foot 步行,走路83)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告
84)on the other hand 另一方面85)at/on/ over the weekend 在周末86)on the left (right) 在左(右)边87)on the other side of 在……另一边88)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播) 89)to one's joy 使……高兴的是90)to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是
三、量词词组和其他词组
(一)量词词组
1)a bit 一点儿2)a few (of) 一些(可数),几个……3)a little 一些(不可数) 4)a lot of (lots of) 许多5)a piece of 一张(一片,块) 6)a cup of 一茶怀7)a glass of 一玻璃杯8)a pile of (piles and piles of) 一堆(一堆堆的)……9)a box of 一盒10)a copy of 一份,一本11)a bowl of 一碗12)a basket of 一篮13)a plate of 一盘14)a bottle of 一瓶15)a basin of 一脸盆16)a set of 一套17)a kind of 一种18)a type of 一种类型的19)a great deal of 非常多,大量的(不可数名词)
20)a large (great) number of 非常多,大量的(可数名词) 21)a great many 大量,许多(可数名词)
22)a different type of 一种不同型号的23)a group of 一队,一组,一群
(二)其他词组
1)all kinds of 各种各样的2)all over the world/the country 全世界/全国
3)all over 遍及每一部分,浑身4)all one's life 一生5)one after another 顺次6)the Children's Palace 少年宫7)day after day 日复一日8)up and down 上上下下9)the day after tomorrow 后天10)the day before yesterday 前天11)the last/past two years (or so) 最近两年(左右) 12)the whole country/the whole world 全国/全世界13)a moment ago 刚才14)just now/then 刚才/那时15)half an hour's walk 步行半小时的路程16)late on 过后,后来
初中常见动词短语分类介绍
look短语 look for寻找;look after照顾;look over查看;look forward to渴望,向往,to为介词,后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语;look at看着;look up抬头看,在…查找;look up to尊敬;look down upon瞧不起;look like看起来像;look as if/though看起来好像;look through透过……看 ,翻阅,浏览;look into调查;look out当心;look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾,回想look on旁观, 看作,当作(与 as 连用)
put短语 put off推迟,put on穿上;上演;put away把…暂时收起来,储存……备用;put up举起,建造,张贴;put out扑灭;put down写下;放下;put aside把…搁在一边;put back放回 put…into把…放入 put one’s heart into全神贯注
turn短语 turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝;turn up把音量开大一点;出现; turn round/around回头;turn over翻开;翻转;turn to朝向;变成;求助于;turn…into…把…变成…;turn into变成;turn out结果证明是;turn away把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人 turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over (使)翻过来 turn against背叛turn back折回,往回走 turn around旋转,转过身来
call短语 call at拜访,后接地点;call on拜访,后接被拜访的对象;号召;call back回电话;call in 叫来;call up打电话,使回忆起;call for叫某人同往某处,要求;call off取消
be短语 be friendly/kind to对…友好;be fed up with对…厌烦;be different from与…不同;be afraid of害怕;be popular with受…欢迎;be fond of喜欢,爱好;be interested in对…感兴趣;be surprised at对…惊讶;be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意;be proud of对…感到自豪;be strict with对某人严格;be strict in 对某事严格;be good to对…有好处;be good at擅长于…; be sure of/about对…有把握;be divided into被分成;be made up of由…构成;be angry with对某人生气;be busy with忙于;be full of/filled with装满了;be late for…迟到;be covered with覆盖着;be familiar with对…熟悉;be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的;be famous/known for因…著名;be famous/known as作为…有名
get短语 get on/along (well) with与某人相处(融洽),在…进展(顺利);get up起床;get on上车(船、飞机、马);get off下车(船、飞机、马); get back回去;get back to回到;get away离开,逃脱;get down下来;get home到家;get into进入,陷入;get out (of) (从…)出去;get to到达get together聚会;get in收割 get through通过,度过,完成 get hold of获得,取得get over越过,恢复,克服get ready for为…作准备 get up起床get used to习惯于
take短语 take off(飞机)起飞,脱掉(衣服);take in吸收,上当;改小衣服;take away拿走;take out取出;take on雇佣,呈现;take down取下;take up占据时间、空间,开始从事,拿起。take photos 照相 take time 花费(时间) take turns 轮流take one\'s place take the place of 坐某人的座位;代替某人的职务 take a seat就坐take a shower淋浴,洗澡take care of照顾 take care小心,当心take one’s temperature量体温 take part in参与,参加 take it easy别着急,慢慢来
agree短语 agree with同意(意见、想法);agree to同意(计划、办法);agree on协商一件事;
pick短语 pick up拾起,捡起,拿起,收听,用车接送客人、货物,收拾、整理;pick out挑选。
cut短语 cut in插嘴 cut down砍到 cut out停止使用 cut up切碎
go短语 go over温习,复习;go swimming/skating/shopping/dancing/fishing/hunting/camping去游泳/溜冰/购物/跳舞/钓鱼/打猎/野营;go into走进…;go off爆炸;go out出去,熄灭;go ahead继续向前走;go against违背;go away走开;go back回去,回顾;go by时间流逝,从旁经过;go down下降,下沉;go for为…而去;go in进入;go on(时间)过去,继续,持续,发生;go round绕路;go through经历;go together一起去;go up上升,攀登;go without没有
come短语 come along一道来;come in进来;come into进入;come out出来,出版;come down倒塌,降下来;come from来自;come back回来;come across偶然遇到;come over过来;come home回家;come to an end结束;come to oneself苏醒过来;come up长出,发芽;come into use开始使用;come round绕道而来;come at扑向;come on(表示劝说、激动、不耐烦等)快!得啦;跟着来;来临 come along一道来,come to an end终止,结束come true实现come up走近 come up with找到,解决,想到
give短语 give up放弃;give off放出、发出(气体、气味、烟雾、光、水、热等);give out精疲力竭、累倒,耗尽、用完;give away泄露,赠送;give back归还give in屈服,让步,投降
make短语make a decision作出决定;make sb. do sth.让某人做某事;make a mistake犯错误;make progress取得进步;make a face做鬼脸;make friends with与…交朋友;be made from用…材料做成,制成品中看不出原材料;be made of用…材料制成,制成品中看得出原材料;make out辨认;make one’s way克服困难前进;make up编造,虚构,打扮,弥补be made up of由…组成make use of使用,利用make oneself at home随便,别拘束
break短语 break down破坏,粉碎,出故障 break in 闯进,打断break out爆发break the law违反法律
break the record破记录
drop短语drop off减弱,减少drop out退出,离队drop by/in顺便来访drop litter扔垃圾 drop on训斥,惩罚drop to one's knees跪下drop the curtain闭幕/演出终止 drop over顺便来访 drop back后退,后撤;恢复
drop by the wayside迷入歧途,堕落,遭受失败drop dead倒毙,倒地而死;走开,不再捣乱,安静下来drop downv.卧倒,顺着向下移动drop behindv.落后,落伍drop a line 写信给某人
fall短语fall about 笑得无法自制 fall away 疏远 消失 fall behind 落在...后面 fall down 失败 fall for 迷恋 上...的当 fall in 坍塌 排队 fall in with 偶然遇到 赞同 fall off (数量)减少 (势力、地位等)降低 脱离 fall on/upon 攻击 fall out 发生 吵架 fall over oneself 煞费苦心;不遗余力 fall short 不符合标准(或要求) fall through 失败,不能实现 fall to 开始工作(或吃东西) 开始 是...的责任fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默fall in love with…爱上(某人)fall into 陷入,养成,开始,渐渐 fall into a habit of 养成…习惯 fall off 掉下,衰退,减少 fall over 摔倒,落在…上,(头发)披在肩上 fall to pieces 破碎,崩溃,瓦解 fall into ruins 成为废墟 fall to the guound 坠地,失败,落空
think短语think of 考虑;关心;想起;对……有某种看法think about 考虑;研究、思考 think over 仔细考虑think highly of 看重;器重 think well of 重视 think little of 看轻;看不起think a lot of 喜欢; 尊敬 think aloud 自言自语 think and think 细想 think away 想开了, 想得忘了 think back to 回忆起 think better of 改变看法; (对某人)有较高的评价 think for 认为, 预料 think long (for, after) 渴望, 切望think up“设想、构思”;think out“仔细思考并研究出(计划等),或者想透问题”等;
set短语set out与set off同义,“动身、出发、启程”,set up“创办、树立、搭起”。 set an example to sb=(set sb an example) 为某人树立了……模样set sb free 释放,放走set sail 扬帆起航set down写下,记下,放下
set about 着手,开始(做)
try短语try on 试穿 (衣服、鞋等);试戴(帽子等) try out 试验;尝试try one’s best to do尽力去做……try to do 是指“尽力做某事” try doing 是指“试着做某事”
work短语work at后面跟小的地点, 在某个小的地方工作. work in在某个大的地方工作 work for为谁工作 work as 职业是什么, 以什么为工作work out 做出, 设计出, 制作出;算出, 得出...答案, 解决;work on从事于, 致力于work hard at努力做……out of work失业work of art艺术作品
keep短语keep (sb.) away (from sth.)(使)某人离开(某物)keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
keep sth. in mind 记住(某事物)keep sb./ sth. out (of sth.) 不让……入内keep back 忍住(眼泪),扣下,隐瞒keep in touch with 与……保持联系keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事keep off 远离,避开,让开keep up 保持(不低落),继续keep up with 跟上,不落在后面keep down 抑制,控制,使下降keep out 遮挡,使不进入keep out of 使不进入keep away不接近,离开
send短语send down 使下降,使降低 向下发送;吩咐 send up 使上升,使升高 讽刺性的模仿;戏谑 send after 派人去追 send along 发送, 派遣 send away 解雇, 开除, 赶走 送出, 派出 send back 退还, 送还 send down 勒令退学, 开除 send for 派人去叫 递(名片等) send off 驱逐 送别, 给...送行
动 词 搭 配
1. add to增加,增进
add … to把…加进…
add up相加
add up to总计,所有这一切说明
2. break away from打破,脱离,挣脱,改掉
break down出毛病,身体(精神)衰弱,分解,拆开
break off暂停,中断
break in强行进入,插话
break into闯入
break into pieces成为碎片
break out爆发
break up捣碎,驱散,瓦解,学期结束,拆散
break through突破
3. bring up抚养,呕吐,提出
bring about造成
bring out拿出,出版
bring in引入,引进,挣钱
bring back使回想起
bring down使下降,使倒下
4. call on号召,拜访(某人)
call at拜访、参观(某地)
call for去叫某人, 要求, 需要
call up使回忆起, 征召入伍
call in召集,请某人来
call out大喊,高叫
call off取消,不举行
5. come about发生,出现
come down下跌,落,降,传下来
come in进来
come into (sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)
come on来临/ 快点
come out出版,结果是
come along一道来,赶快
come to达到 (an end/an agreement/a stop)苏醒,合计,总共是
come over走过来
come up发芽,走近
come across偶然碰到
come back回想起
come from来自,源自
6. cut across抄近路
cut down砍倒,削减
cut off切断,割掉,断绝关系
cut up连根拔除,切碎
through剪断,凿穿
cut out删(省)掉,戒掉
cut in插嘴
7. die of (disease/hunger/grief/old age)死于(疾病,饥饿,寒冷,情感原因)
die from死于(意外事故、情形)
die away渐渐消逝
die out绝种
die down(炉火)渐熄
die off逐一死去
8. fall behind落后
fall over one's feet 跌跤
fall down掉下,跌倒
fall back撤退,后退
9. go in for从事,喜爱,参加
go through通过,经受
go over复习,检查
go up(价格)上涨,建造起来
go after追捕,追赶
go against违反
go ahead先行,开始吧,问吧,说吧
go away离开
go down下沉,降低,(日、月)西沉
go on(with)继续进行
go with相配,陪同
go without没有,缺少
go out外出,熄灭
go all out全力以赴
go off爆炸,进行,变坏,断电,停止供应
go back on背约,食言
go beyond超出
10. get down下来,记下,使沮丧
get down to致力于,专心于
get on进展,进步,穿上,上车
get off脱下,下车
get in收集,插(话)
get away逃跑,逃脱,去休假
get over忘记,越过,克服,从疾病中恢复
get along with进展,相处
get up起床
get round消息传开
get close to sth. 接近,几乎
get into (trouble)
get to (know)
get back取回,收回
get out
11. give away赠送,泄露,出卖
give out发出,疲劳,分发,公布
give off发出(光、热、气体)
give in (to sb.) 屈服
give up放弃,让(座位)
12. hand in交上,提交
hand out分发
hand down流传,遗传
13. hang about闲逛
14. hold back阻止,隐瞒
hold up举起,使停顿
hold out持续,坚持,伸出
hold down控制,镇压
15. keep up (courage, English, spirits)保持,
keep up with跟上
keep off (grass)不接近,离开
keep away from避开,不接近,离…远远的
keep out of
keep to (rules, promise)坚持,遵守
keep on继续,坚持下来
keep back阻止,留下,隐瞒,扣下
keep from克制,阻止
16. knock at/on敲
knock into撞到某人身上
knock down撞倒
knock out of把…敲出
knock over撞倒
knock off停止工作,休息
17. leave for离开前往
leave out删去,遗漏
leave behind遗留,忘记拿走
leave to留给,遗嘱赠于
leave over遗留,剩下,延期
18. look up查找,向上看
look through翻阅,浏览
look on旁观
look on…as看作
look into调查
look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找
look out(for)当心
look about / around/round四下查看
look down upon瞧不起
look back upon回忆,回顾
look ab. up and down仔细打量某人
look ab in the face/eyes直视某人
19. make up编造,配制,打扮,组成
make up for弥补
make into / of / from 制成
make out弄懂,发现,看出,填写,开列(清单)
make for走向,驶往,促使
20. pass away去世
pass by经过
pass down(on)…to传给
pass through经历
pass over漠视,忽视
21. pay back还钱,报复
pay for付钱,为…受到惩罚,因…得到报应
pay off还清
22. pick up拾起,获得(information),接人,站起,收听,自然习得(language
/knowledge),恢复重获(pick up health)
pick out挑选,辨认,看出
pick cotton/flower/leaves/words选词
23. put up搭起,张贴,举起,安装,投宿,安排住下
put up with忍受
put out伸出,扑灭
put off推迟
put into放进,翻译
put away放好,存钱
put down记下,平息
put on穿戴,上映,增加(put on weight/speed)
put forward 提出,提前
put aside放到一边
put back放回
24. pull down拆掉,推翻 pull on匆匆穿上 / off 脱
pull in进站 pull out取出,(火车)离站
pull down往下拉,拆毁 pull over驶到一边
pull through恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境 pull up(使)停住
25. push over推倒,刮倒
push ahead(on, forward)继续前进,坚持下去
push through排除困难办好谋事,努力设法通过,挤过
26. run across偶然碰到 run after追逐,追捕